The genus name, Cornus, is Latin from the word cornu, which means "horn." This references the hardness of the wood. The shrub or small tree is native to central and southern Europe as well as western Asia. The plant has excellent resistance to dogwood anthracnose and the dogwood borer. On mature trees, the bark is scaly and exfoliating. Red fruits develop and mature in the mid-summer.
Its yellow flowers appear in early spring before the leaves emerge. The cornelian cherry dogwood is a deciduous shrub or small tree that can grow up to 25 feet tall and 20 feet wide. The leaves turn an attractive dark-purple in Autumn.Phonetic Spelling KOR-nus mass Description They are used to make both jam and not only summer drinks but also to flavour liqueurs and spirits in some Eastern European and Middle East countries. When ripe the berries are edible and have a rather pleasantly acidic tang. However, in Northern Europe and the UK the berries will only appear after long hot summers. They are appear after the very early pale-yellow flowers have opened in late Winter to Early Spring and are similar in colour and shape to the berries of Thunberg's Barberry ( Berberis tunbergii) but longer at 2cm long. The berries are red, and elongated tapering slightly at the petiole end from where they droop. Having one of the hardest woods to be found growing in europe it is used in the manufacture of machine parts, tool handles and rifle butts. The tree is a popular parks and garden tree which also grows wild, but is native in Southern Europe, The Middle East and the Caucasus. In the UK the red berried fruit, which is prolate spheroidal in shape, is edible but rarely appears. It flowers in February to March, very early in the year and before the leaves have appeared. Where it is naturalised, it is found in woods and hedges, such as at Hargham, Norfolk. It is mostly planted and is very rarely found growing wild in Britain.
No relation to : Cherry trees such as Bird Cherry, Cherry Laurel, Wild Cherry, Dwarf Cherry, Rum Cherry, St. Slight resemblance to : Ivy and Japanese Aralia which has similar semi-globed creamy-yellow flowers. The globed flowers as a whole attaches directly to twigs and branches without stalks in a similar way. Some similarities to : Witch-Hazel trees such as Chinese Witch-Hazel which is also a tree bearing yellow, 4-petalled flowers very early in the year well before the leaves, but here the flowers are arranged on longish stalks emanating from a single point in a semi-globe. These are on a tree photographed in America. They rarely appear on Cornelian Cherry Trees growing in the UK unless after a long hot summer. The berries are red, shiny and elongated ovaloid. Leaf-stems pale green and slightly hairy. Leaves are oval, shiny, wrinkled and curvy, have perhaps nine curved depressed veins and are in pairs. Leaves peel off the side branches in pairs with a terminal end leaflet. The leafy branches are in opposite pairs coming off straight shiny purplish branches. The strangely ugly leaves only appear after flowering, which with 2013 having the coldest March since records began, meant later than usual in April/May in that year. The leaves first appear after the flowers like cylinders and in opposite pairs.Ģ5th May 2013, car park, MB&B canal terminus, Bury, Lancs. Nominally four stamens with cream-coloured pollen. The petals are not long and narrow as they are in Chinese Witch-Hazel, but short and similar in shape to those of Bedstraws, particularly Lady's Bedstraw.įlowers with all parts yellow: the four petals, the ovary and the single stigma. Sprays of flowers sometimes in pairs on opposite sides of the stem, but also singly on one side. This year Spring flowers appeared about a month earlier than usual, which is why leaves are starting to appear (top left), the flowers are normally before any leaves.Ħth April 2013, end of canal, MB&BC, Bury, Gtr Mcr. Behind the convergence of flowering stalks are hour yellowish-green bracts. The hemisphere of flowers is attached directly to the branches and twigs.Įach flower on the end of the inch-long stalk is yellow with four petals. Cherry (Cornelian) / Cherry Cornelian Tree - Wild Flower FinderĬORNELIAN CHERRY Cornus mas Dogwood Family Ģ5th May 2013, canalside woods, Adlington, Leeds &Liverpool, Lancs.Ī shortish widely planted tree or shrub to 4m (but can reach 12m) flowering early spring before any leaves appear.Ĭovered in small bobbles of clusters of yellow flowers.įlowers very early in the year well before the leaves.Ģ9th March 2014, Packhorse Bridge, Bury, Gtr M/cr.Ībout 20 flowering stalks emerge from a central point and radiate out in a hemisphere.įlowers are small with four yellow petals and four curved stamens with creamy anthers.
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